At that point, all your behavior may be directed at finding food. These needs are basic because when they are lacking, the search for them may overpower all other urges. Physiological needs refer to the need for food, water, and other biological needs. The most basic of Maslow’s needs are physiological needs. Four theories may be placed under this category: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, ERG theory, Herzberg’s two-factor theory, and McClelland’s acquired-needs theory. At the time, researchers developed theories to understand what people need. For example, an employee who is always walking around the office talking to people may have a need for companionship, and his behavior may be a way of satisfying this need. Specifically, early researchers thought that employees try hard and demonstrate goal-driven behavior in order to satisfy needs. The earliest studies of motivation involved an examination of individual needs. Describe need for achievement, power, and affiliation, and identify how these acquired needs affect work behavior.Describe the differences among factors contributing to employee motivation and how these differ from factors contributing to dissatisfaction.Explain how the ERG (existence, relatedness, growth) theory addresses the limitations of Maslow’s hierarchy.Explain how employees are motivated according to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
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